Welcome -- enjoy your adventure through these pages!

Hang onto your seat belt -- this Self-Study Guide has information and strategies that have accumulated and been modified and refined during a journey of understanding that has taken more than 30 years, and was just extensively revised again July, 2021! It is intended to help you prepare students for crossings with no traffic signal or stop sign ("uncontrolled crossings").

They should know that:
• in order to be confident about whether or not it is clear to cross, the warning times of approaching traffic that is detected when quiet (or, for those using vision, when nothing is temporarily blocking the view) should be at least as long as their crossing time.
• crossings can have
  • "Situations of Confidence" where the warning time of all approaching vehicles is longer than crossing time, and
  • "Situations of Uncertainty for gap judgment" where the warning times of some vehicles are not long enough, even when it's quiet (or when nothing is temporarily blocking the view), so that you never know whether it's clear to cross.
• our students need to be able to recognize Situations of Uncertainty, and Situations of Confidence.
  
• at Situations of Uncertainty, they need to analyze the risk of crossing, and use alternatives when the risk is not acceptable.
  
• at Situations of Confidence, they need to know how to reliably determine crossable gaps in traffic.
  
  
Each of these is fully addressed in this Self-Study Guide, and there is a flow chart of skills and tasks at the beginning of Section 2.
So if you're ready, let's get started!

Self-Study Guide

The Self-Study Guide has 5 sections:
• Section 1: Introduction to Situations of Uncertainty
  What is a Situation of Uncertainty for gap judgment, and how can we recognize it?
  
  (research; best practice)
• Section 2: Teaching students to recognize Situations of Uncertainty [revised July, 2021]
  How can we teach students to recognize Situations of Uncertainty for gap judgment?
  
  (intuitive understanding of crossing time; comparing warning time of approaching vehicles with crossing time; flow chart for Situation of Uncertainty)
• Section 3: You are in a Situation of Uncertainty -- What Now?
  What to do when you are in a Situation of Uncertainty?
  
  (analyzing risks; making decisions; considering what is "safe" and alternatives)
• Section 4: Teaching students to determine when there is a crossable gap in traffic
  When they are in Situations of Confidence, teaching students to determine when they have time to cross
  
  (learning the effect of masking sounds; scanning for traffic; judging the speed and distance of vehicles)
• Section 5: Applications! Vignettes, Frequently Asked Questions, and Workshop Suggestions
  Case studies (vignettes), frequently asked questions, "freaky findings" and workshop suggestions

At the top of every page in the Self-Study Guide is a navigation bar with the following links:
• Section (#?) (in the top left corner) links to a list of the contents of each page in that section.
• Self-Study Guide has a link back to this page.
• OUTLINE links to a table of contents for the Self-Study Guide, listing the topic for each page.
• INDEX has an alphabetized list of topics from Sections 1-4, and links to find them.
• CHECKLISTS are cheat-sheets for teaching students and using the procedures
• REVIEW has study questions covering all the essential information.
  
  
Additional links in the navigation bar at the top of the first page of each Section are:

• WORKSHOPS links to a flyer and schedule of workshops in this topic
• QUIZ/CERTIFICATE explains how to take the quiz and earn a certificate of completion.
  
  

Each of the first 4 Sections can be downloaded in a Word document for printing or browsing (Section 5 is already on a single web page). The web version of the Self-Study Guide has videos and descriptions of all the photos, but the Word version has none of these. Links to each Section are below:

• Section 1
• Section 2
• Section 3
• Section 4
• Section 5 is on a single web page

Testing your understanding -- a learning tool!

The Self-Study Guide has a quiz designed to indicate which areas you need to review further. For more information about the quiz, click here. To get the code needed to take the quiz, contact me.

You can earn up to 5 hours of ACVREP-approved CE credit as well as a Certificate of Completion that indicates you have mastered the material. For more information, click here.

The APH program Crossings with No Traffic Control: Teaching Concepts and Skills to Deal with Them provides logical, sequenced modules which I developed for O&M specialists to use when teaching their students the concepts and skills outlined in this Self-Study Guide. It includes carefully-selected stereophonic high-fidelity recordings of approaching vehicles, masking sounds, and other simulations.

• Introduction (17 minutes)
• Skills needed to deal with uncontrolled crossings (10 minutes)
• Participants practice comparing warning time with crossing time (interactive - 15 minutes)
• How do you recognize Situations of Uncertainty and Confidence? (6 minutes)
• Analyzing the risk of crossing (interactive -- 37 minutes)
• When do we introduce these skills? The adventures of Greg and Rebecca learning the skills (videos - 25 minutes)
• Skills needed for crossing in Situations of Confidence (10 minutes)
  
  

This page explains how we used the APH street-crossing program to teach street-crossing concepts and skills remotely, with the student and instructor each in their own homes.

Young Students Learn about Street-Crossing in Group Workshop

Innovative O&M instructors Josee Martin and Denise Guitar organized an exciting workshop for their students to learn some of the skills and concepts needed for crossings with no traffic control. The workshop was held May 2-3, 2013 in New Brunswick, Canada, and the students were not the only ones to learn!

You can click here to follow the workshop and how the students learned about these street crossings, and find out some of the advantages of teaching students in groups.